Taking her cue – Rosie Garland interviewed about The Palace of Curiosities

The Palace of Curiosities, Rosie Garland‘s debut novel, is a great read (review here). She was kind enough to answer some questions that I had about the book. As well as an author, she is a poet, cabaret artiste and a member of the band, the March Violets. The novel is long listed for the Desmond Elliott prize.

How far does your background in cabaret and Goth help in the exploration of the strange and the ways of expressing identity?

I’ve said this before – but central to my work is my fascination with outsiders; whoever they might be. If you look at my writing – whether poetry or fiction – it often explores themes of difference. I’m interested in characters who won’t (or can’t) squeeze into the one-size-fits-all templates they have been provided, and the friction that occurs when they try. I know that comes from always having felt like an outsider myself.

What, or who, are your influences for this novel?

I was inspired by the life and struggles of Julia Pastrana, a nineteenth century Mexican woman who suffered from hypertrichosis terminalis, where the body is completely covered with thick hair. Discovered by an entrepreneur who billed her as The Ugliest Woman in the World, she toured the USA and Europe. She died three days after giving birth to his child. This proved inconvenient for her widower, who promptly had her stuffed, along with her infant son, so that he could continue to exhibit her.

However, my novel isn’t a re-telling of her story. I wanted to create new characters who would tell their own stories – the result is Eve, the Lion-Faced Girl and Abel, the mysterious Flayed Man, who are the star attractions at Professor Arroner’s Astonishing Palace of Curiosities.

I found it interesting that Abel resists being written when the tattooing fails, as does his memory of his own past. Was this an experiment in how somebody might create themselves in an absence of data or self-knowledge?

A question that has always intrigued me is what it would really be like to live forever. I’ve never felt particularly satisfied with the fictional explorations I’ve read, which veer between polarities of eternal partying and angst. Personally, I think it would be unbearable; one would only manage the weight of innumerable memories by forgetting. Which is how Abel copes.

I got the sense that Eve and Abel are almost elemental, certainly closer to their nature. Both of them just are, and do not appear to take on extra masks in comparison to Josiah Arroner or the visitors to his place who pretend to be civilised. Is this an expression of the carnival, that it allows masks to be dropped or identities demonstrated in other ways?

It’s no mistake that the characters who regard themselves as ‘normal’ (Alfred and Josiah Arroner, for example) are the ones with the most to hide. They are the ones who are engaged in a struggle to conceal dangerous secrets about themselves.

How much research did you need to do to create the London and the tantalising glimpses of Abel’s history?

The question of research is one that could be discussed for hours, and each writer would have a different approach! It’s true that I am fascinated by history, and read a lot of non-fiction for pleasure. However, I am very careful not to fall into the trap of letting research dominate. That way I’d not get any writing done…

Is the use of Eve as a name a way of writing against the notion of Original Sin, in that she moves the world on after the fire and creates a world based on real knowledge and desire?

No, is the simple answer.

But your question demonstrates just how much each reader brings to a novel – and that’s the magic of fiction. People read into a story what they will: whether it’s finding personal significance in a character’s name, or perceiving meaning in a character’s actions that the author did not intend.

I chose Eve because it was my grandmother’s name – simple as that.

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A promising start – Brian McLellan’s Promise of Blood

Brian McClellan’s Promise of Blood (Orbit, £14.99) is a fantasy which takes its start from revolution. So far it is not the naïve sort of revolution in which the monarchy is beheaded and the world moves on but the type which threatens to fall apart. So far, so French or Russian revolution.

Adamat is asked to come to the palace by Field Marshal Tamas, during the night to find that the monarchy has been overthrown, the King in jail and a revolution in full flow. Despite going through the machinations of redistribution, Tamas finds that the Church has its own views and rebels against him. His estranged son, Teniel, takes on the Church, portrayed as a institution found deeply corrupt and wanting, revealing rather more than it wishes about its head.

Meanwhile the world itself is in flux, moving from the more visible pseudo-Medieval world to an Industrialised world. These are not worlds in stasis, or being threatened with a fake change. Using magic as cyphers for change with guns as well comes across as slightly messy. Rather than coming from the Miéville form of rewriting from the barricades, he is more aligned to the Tad Williams’ form of rewriting from within the epic sub-genre. There is a certain mixing of militarism with a rollicking adventure but perhaps questions might need to be asked about where this really goes in future volumes. Is this an exploration into the politics of revolution or an experiment in writing it?

So McLellan begins what might be an intriguing series. One where the revolution does indeed fall apart in the midst of its own internal and external threats. Each group has its own motivations and desires and the author uses these in intriguing ways, dividing the world into factions. In turn, the kingdom is also under threat from its neighbours.

I do have questions as to where this might go at a political level but McLellan has an eye for the dramatic and a touch for writing fast paced fantasy. None of the characters are particularly likeable but have their own motivations and the world is well-realised. I do have some hopes for this series but the fact that it is a series does place some questions in my head. I hope it stays this interesting.

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More than a sideshow – Rosie Garland’s The Palace of Curiosities

The Palace of Curiosities, Rosie Garland‘s debut novel, is an assured and magical novel. Her poetic output provides the writing’s lyricism and her involvement in cabaret and Goth gives her an eye for the strange. Told from two perspectives, that of Abel and Eve, it explores freak shows but also the coming into being for an identity.

To get this out of the way quickly, it does have the shades of Angela Carter: not only Nights at the Circus but also The Passion of New Eve. Not only does it takes some of the carnivalesque of the former, it intersects the arguments in the making of identity through memory and understanding.

On a visit to the circus, Sarah is seen by a lion on the night that Eve is conceived. Her daughter is born looking like a kitten and is largely hidden away. Sold to Josiah Arroner – impressario, chauvanist and charlatan – she finds herself as the main attraction from the private parlours to the freak show stage, having been promised marriage.

Meanwhile Abel is dredged up from the river and becomes a slaughter man, showing to himself that he has some facility in being able to dispatch quickly and cleanly. His memory plays tricks on him and he loses his job. Moving on, he discovers that he can repair watches and also heals after being seriously cut. When his friendship falls apart, he moves on and is enticed into the circus by the Tattooed Man.

Eve and Abel meet as friends, coming together in a sense of need rather than anything else. Both find ways of constructing their own identities from faulty memories and defining themselves as their ‘monstrosity’ and difference rather than against it. Both are active; Eve more so than Abel. Abel struggles with piecing what he can from fractured reminiscences. Drawing from his Biblical namesake, he begins down the same road but his facility with mechanics helps him turn this into something different: collapsing new humans? Eve, as her name suggests, is able to help herself move on and to complete helping Abel.

The book extends a carnival argument that somehow the mundane is the weird or the horrific in its way of not being able to cope with anything which is not in its limits. It uses its oddness as a way of moving forwards; thrusting it forward as front. It is comfortable in its own skin. It invites us to question basic social assumptions, not necessarily as merely a safety valve, but a darker mirror. We cannot view or perceive it as it is so we must look at the mirror slightly askance.

The Palace of Curiosities completes itself and gives off hope without being twee. Slight and delicate are adjectives which come to mind but they do not describe this novel adequately but they do begin describing the quality of the writing. I would be curious to read more of her fiction as it comes out but this is a very good first novel.

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The Ghost of Arabia – notes on A Hologram for a King

Estragon, or in A Hologram for the King Alan, has travelled to Saudi Arabia. Nearly bankrupt, he needs the fee from Reliant’s sale of IT services to the developing city to carry on with his life. Having put his house up for sale to finance his daughter going through college unless the deal can be sealed, he becomes a middle class every man. Chasing his own dreams and fulfilling those of others, he is torn in between varying influences.

The presentation centres on a hologram, a illusion, which becomes the very real hope of the company. An outward representation of the vacuousness of the enterprise, the focus of the presentation is snake oil, not substance.

Alan becomes a cypher for a mindset which is dying, as William Gibson explores in his last trilogy Not entirely a Cayce Pollard, but a rather more aware Hubertus Bigend, Alan still thinks in terms of factory manufacture. Alone, middle aged and tired, he is the embodiment of the middle class is writing against, unwilling or unable to change. Yet Alan does begin to when the benign tumour is cut.

He appears to discover two things. Firstly the US as a hub is truly over, with cheap manufacturing killing its industrial base – it is not confident to whole heartedly embrace the idea of niche manufacture and cottage industries. Secondly his expertise is transient and his decision to stay in Saudi, with the dream of KAEC and unwittingly aided by is daughter, allows him to move on. Whilst selling his house, he must leave the main area for the potential buyers but is spotted, with the buyer commenting that the house is haunted. His life has become haunted by memories, dead friends and a former family. Once his daughter drops out of college, he is freed from the burden of paying for her fees and can make his move. His short lived liaison with his doctor, after the removal of the benign tumour, also frees him.

What is perhaps frustrating is that novel is largely backward looking. Instead of relishing an existing maker culture, Alan’s maker dreams are proxied through middlemen and a mild misunderstanding of maker culture. His idea is apt but the execution is expensive and too large; the reason for the bid’s failure. He misreads the world to his own detriment, as do his colleagues. His dream might yet live, but first he must understand that he must see his old life end.

It becomes his afterlife after he kills his previous one by becoming a man of action. In that sense, Estragon meets Godot, or in this case the king, Rather than moving onto a new tree, a new set of waiting, he remains. Hologram for a King tries to move from being an existential novel about the middle class and sees it being killed. Rather than celebrating an unsustainable version of a life, he celebrates change and as such tried to kill the novel it might have been. Alan, the everyman, becomes a ghost and finds a sense of place and purpose.

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A sneeze which reverberates – Neil Gaiman’s Chu’s Day

I’ve just read Chu’s Day which is, admittedly, shorter than I was hoping for. It is one of Neil Gaiman’s novels for younger children, in the vein of the Blueberry Girl.

When Chu, the small panda, sneezes, the world really takes notice. Except for his parents.

Although they do ask early in the story, like Coraline or Helena in Mirrormask, the parents ignore the small panda when it comes to the essential moment. Of course, if they do not, the novel  does not have its moment of crisis and the world becomes overturned, but it is a common theme in his children’s novels. As it is aimed towards a younger audience, the overturned (but not carnivalesque) world is short-lived.

Adam Rex’s illustrations are a joy and so well observed. They have a wonderful detail in them and gives the short text an extra depth. The book suggests that accidents can be overcome but it does feel slight in comparison to his other children’s books.

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A red rag to a genre – John Scalzi’s Redshirts

Redshirts are a well known part of media Sf. The short lived extra characters who die early in the show or to prevent a main character being killed have already been mentioned in passing on the Galaxy Quest parody of media genre. It has a certain culture and expectation which is used and mined. In Redshirts, John Scalzi has taken the idea and run with it for a whole novel which begins taking some surprising turns.

When four new recruits join the Intrepid, they begin questioning the spate of deaths and the equipment that is on board the ship. Hatching a slightly crazy plan, they try to find the person considered responsible before the world becomes slightly more odd. Jenkins, the quarry, turns the book from a caper comedy into a post-modern novel which thinks about the Narrative. He comments to Dahl, the main redshirt protagonist, that “in this universe, God is a hack” (p 218). Through being aware of the narrative and its limitations, the redshirts go on a quest to find the writer and fix what is happening in the original television show.

The appearance of the characters in the real world breaks the fourth wall for the fictional writer. By approaching the writers, the characters realise that they all have a part to play in the new work. The writer is also challenged to stop writing hack work and to improve their game. After the initial crisis is solved, the writer is discussing it with another author who experienced something similar and then gave them agency; making them real characters not just canon fodder. The nub of the matter is whether the writer is doing their best work or writing to order for a deadline.

So the book becomes meta-narrative ostensibly about media but the redshirt appears in books. It does ask questions about writing and whether one is writing at their best. Yet Paul Kincaid has posed the question about whether this is really pushing the genre along and extending it in his article on the genre which references the exhaustion of genre. Redshirts is a fun book and poses some useful questions about genre writing from Scalzi’s own experiences on the Stargate franchise but it is a novel which really speaks to the genre about the genre. It almost becomes a novel about creative writing and a clarion call to improve standards around the genre. Since shows like Star Trek are popular, references will be picked up but this is still an insular book in some ways.

It strikes me more as a creative writing novel than an Sf novel, aiming to encourage readers and viewers to think about the characters and the story. It asks writers to push themselves in stories and characterisation. Should genre still be doing this? Is this not a retrograde step? Questioning genre, any genre, is a good thing. Sf regularly comes back this though: either in meta-fiction or the new . A quiet strand of the novel set in this world is the deal that Sf is easy and does not need thought. It is hack work but how much of this becomes self-fulfilling prophecy. Only writers and audiences can really change this in the long term. This is certainly not an easy task.

That said, this is the first Scalzi novel that I have read and I’ll be trying to find more in the New Year. As a novel, it is a fun caper with a deeper motive. However, it does not necessarily push the genre along. Genre itself needs not only to ask but to do something about itself to push itself along. It should not need attentive authors such as Scalzi to be waving a redshirt to bull in the ring.

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Searching for the divine – Jeremy de Quidt’s The Feathered Man

Jeremy de Quidt’s The Feathered Man, his second novel, continues the same strong style which he showed in The Toymaker. Neither of this novels shy away from difficult subjects and assume that his readers will pick up clues rather than having to explain everything.

Klaus, a tooth-puller’s boy, finds himself the prey in a hunt for a diamond after his master steals it from the mouth of a dead client at Frau Drecht’s house. Drecht wants the gold teeth but when the feathered man appears, Klaus’s life becomes far more difficult. Drecht’s put upon servant, Liesel, decides to help Klaus and to help him when the Feathered Man appears.

The chase intensifies when Father Henriquez, a Jesuit priest who is searching for proof of God, and Ramon, an Aztec priest, and Karolus, a professor of anatomy who has been chasing the dead man, join in the chase. The man had been the foreman of a mine who had discovered a man in feathers. De Quidt folds in the pre-Columbian belief in child sacrifice and ways of seeing the boundaries between life and death.

In the Toymaker, de Quidt asked similar questions in his construction of the puppet. Pullman had used von Kleist’s essay, On the Marionette Theatre, in His Dark Materials but de Quidt took it somewhere else with a very real puppet who lived in the world. He mused on the notion of the creation of life and whether it might have a soul, taking one of the perspectives of Frankenstein ina different direction. In The Feathered Man, he muses on whether a god might exist and the lengths to which the question is approached, from a sacrifice to chasing proof. In all it appears to be futile but perennial in its asking. He also muses on the nature of riches and their meaning: is the chase to prove the existence of God any more or less worthy than Frau Drecht’s obsession with the diamond and gold teeth.

His style really stands out though, not so much in its darkness but its depth. Drawing from the German Romantic tradition, he is unafraid to ask big questions but also adapts them to changing times. He becomes an active part of the bazaar of stories, taking and remoulding as required. De Quidt is a diamond of children’s fantasy in that he asks larger questions and presents novels which continue asking questions long after the final page has been reached.

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Asking the right question: Lemony Snicket’s Who could That Be at This Hour?

Lemony Snicket’s latest set of (un)fortunate adventures have moved on from the Gothic pastiche adventures to a take on the detective story. This latest series is to be a quartet rather than the 13 volumes of a series of Unfortunate Events.

In “Who Could That be at This Hour?”, Snicket joins in the story as a junior detective to S. Theodora Markson (perhaps a nod to Law & Order?). When they arrive in the town, Stain’d by the Sea, they are hired to find the missing statue of the Bombinating Beast.

Using the framework of noir and detective fiction, Snicket appears to be having some fun with the idea of a statue that becomes a McGuffin for future volumes. To be fair, I am not entirely au fait with Hammett or Chandler’s works which I suspect would help in this but the author does present a rattling good mystery. The author presents everything that one would expect – dangerous damsels, moral ambiguity, a mcguffin, and high drama. Seth’s artwork brings out the quirkiness of the writing but echoes the writing in its muted colours and strong lines.

Snicket indulges in the word play which littered the last series and is perhaps a little less intrusive as the characters are the equally balanced rather than slightly (and increasingly) forced tone of the Baudelaire children. In one sense this is a detective version of the previous series, but it is good natured and fun. It is great to see children’s books which continue a playfulness with language and form but one does wonder how many times that this formula can be reproduced.

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Sitting at the back of the school bus

An Apple for the Creature is a collection of stories on the theme of education, edited by Charlaine Harris and Toni Kelner.

It approaches horror and the supernatural from a range of directions, some of which are more successful than others. Given the school theme presents opportunities to offer a certain revenge of the nerds. Yet it also offers chances to educate the world about the darker side of life.

The first two stories explore the horrific acts that humans can undertake. Charlaine Harris’s Sookie Stackhouse short story, “Playing Possum”, sees the eponymous heroine watching Brady attack a school. The strength of the story is its understated nature and the backseat of the paranormal. Even as a story which comes from its own universe, it acts as a stand alone story, something that some of these stories might well consider.

Jonathan Maberry’s “Spellcaster 2.0” updates the neophyte summoning the demon story, perhaps taking a slight queue from Buffy. The horror story’s DNA contains a certain amount of interaction with belief, from escaping a stronger religious atmosphere to the inverse here where there is no belief apart from cynicism. What Maberry begins questioning is that if the summoner has now has no belief, then how can the citizens of hell exist in the universe of the story? His answer is that perhaps the supernatural needs protecting from the atheist mundane one, that is being exploited.

The God game is played in other stories with unwitting people tricked out of their souls, yet struggling to regain them. But with an absence of God, could the Devil exist? Although this is not the collection to answer this question, it is a relevant one for any one writing supernatural stories and one that requires a thinking through. Perhaps it does echo a previous time when these beliefs were more prevalent but in this case, the supernatural writer needs to rethink this rather than use the individual props.

For me, one of the strongest stories is Mike Carey’s “Iphigenia in Aulis”, riffing on Euripides’ play. Rather than rushing into the story, he builds up layers and reveals a more nuanced world which asks questions of the characters. Using the uncertain ending of the original play, Carey’s story moves through versions of nightmare and creating uncertainties in the world which resembles an urban story. The story reveals a world made paranoid by invaders, unable or unwilling to accept them.

Yet the tone is made lighter in a couple of stories. Tom Sniegoski’s story is lighter in tone with some nice touches but Steve Hockensmith’s “A Primer on Jewish Myth and Mysticism” uses the Dybbuk and plays on the potentials of mythology. Slightly reminiscent of Christopher Moore’s writing, the story plays on the central archetype with humour, yet keeps an uncertainty in the final sentences, but still drawing from a Judaeo-Christian perspective.

In a variety of tones and voices, this anthology is a slight rag tag bag of stories. Questions can be raised about the nature of horror. As it moves around the religious perspective, it shows a certain terror when it is removed. Some of the stories skirt around the theme or rely on the reader knowing the characters.

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Ghostly encounters – Cornelia Funke’s Ghost Knight

The ghost story, a type which is never quite in or out of fashion, is the frame for Cornelia Funke’s latest novel, Ghost Knight.

Jon resents being sent to boarding school in Salisbury. Believing the move to be powered by his mother’s new boyfriend, the Beard, he is slightly bewildered and frightened by the move. On his first night, he sees the four ghosts who chase him as a Hartsgill, his mother’s maiden name. His room mates, Stu and Alistair, cannot see them. Only the slightly odd Ella, a day pupil, believes him and introduces him to her grandmother, Zelda, who runs ghost tours.

In the mad cap adventures which follow, Jon becomes a squire and begins a slight roman a clef, learning his place in the world and accepting it. In the beginning he sees himself as Harry againse the Dursley’s, projecting himself as the picked on child. When Zelda’s son comes to visit, whom Jon recognises as the Beard, he overhears that he is spoiled. Rather than feeling out of place with his new school, Jon grows up and accepts that the family has changed slightly.

The apprenticeship with Sir William forces him to grow up and to accept responsibility for his own life and to make his own decisions. Seeing the Beard help him in his quest makes his accept him. His friendship with Ella and perhaps odd relationship with his dormitory mates means that he sees the world in less black and white.

Funke uses the first person narrative to create an unbalanced narration and builds the fear up. In a very subtle way, she uses the horror to discuss Jon’s internal world, making his own fear very real. Knights and the apprenticeship becomes a conceit to think about how to deal with suddenly being sent away to boarding school and the first time of being away from one’s family. Using Salisbury cathedral, she echoes the MR James’s way of unsettling the reader but, unlike adult horror, never goes for the full effect.

The horrific is cast with the overtones of Heaven and Hell. Using the ghosts, she discusses the horrors of war as well as showing that actions have consequences. Instead of being about the world and its darkness being put on to the individual, young adult horror is more about the internal world of the protagonist and being able to see that the monsters in the world can be defeated. Rather than echoing John Clute’s seasonal theory of horror, intimately linked to a Story of the world, it is tied to an individual’s story.

Funke’s novel is perhaps a more subtle book than I had initially thought. Although not absolutely comfortable with the English ghost story, Ghost Knight is a good supernatural novel that explores and reveals the inner world.

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